As we expected, the FCC has set the date for the filing of the newly revised Ownership Reports on the revised FCC Form 323.  All commercial broadcast stations nationwide will need to file by December 15, according to the Public Notice released today.  According to the Public Notice, the Form will be available in the FCC’s CDBS electronic filing system by approximately November 16, and licensees can start to file as soon as the form is available.  The new report replaces the biennial ownership reports that had been filed every two years on the anniversary date of the filing of a station’s license renewal.  Now, there will be a single nationwide filing deadline of November 1 every other year.  The revised form is intended to give the Commission greater information about broadcast station owners, so that the Commission can better evaluate the status of diversity in broadcast ownership (see our post here for more information).

The FCC promises a Frequently Asked Questions website on the new form, to be available in the near future.  Watch for it, and be prepared to file by December 15. 

The FCC’s struggles to get a new FCC Ownership Report adopted, and to establish a uniform filing date for ownership reports from all commercial broadcasters, seems to be coming to an end.  The new Form 323 Ownership Report was approved by the Office of Management and Budget last week, with the OMB apparently finding the FCC’s recent revisions of the form (about which we wrote here) to be sufficient to answer objections that had been raised about its paperwork burden.   From comments made by the Chief of the FCC’s Media Bureau at a recent meeting of communications lawyers in Washington DC, the Commission’s staff is readying the form for its public debut and, once the details are worked out, commercial licensees will have about 30 days to complete the report and file it electronically at the FCC.  He suggested that the Commission was looking at a December filing deadline – so be on the alert for the Commission’s announcement of the new filing deadline to make sure that your report is timely filed by the date that the Commission establishes. 

On Friday, the Commission formally began a rule making proceeding regarding children and electronic media.  Aware of the vast opportunities, but also the potential risks inherent in today’s (and tomorrow’s) electronic media, the Commission is seeking to gather information about the extent to which children are using media today, the benefits and risks of the various technologies, and the ways in which society can improve the benefits while minimizing the risks.  Formally entitled "Empowering Parents and Protecting Children in an Evolving Media Landscape", the proceeding is aimed at building a record to inform and guide the Commission’s future actions in this area. 

Clearly, these are big picture questions the FCC is dealing with at this stage, but with Friday’s Notice of Inquiry the Commission seeks to break the issues down into several areas of inquiry and solicit comment from interested parties.  For example, with respect to the potential benefits, the Commission has identified six principle benefits it sees from electronic media and seeks input about each, including:  (i) improved access to educational content; (ii) ability to acquire technological literacy necessary in a global economy; (iii) ability to develop new skills in the use of technology and the creation of content; and (iv) facilitating new forms of communication with family and peers.  With respect to risks, the Commission has noted a range of potential dangers ranging from the possible exposure to child predators to the impact of excessive or exploitative advertisements.  The Commission’s item also asks broad societal questions, such as whether there is a minimum level of media literacy that is required to participate effectively in modern society, and if so, how do we ensure that future generations gain the necessary exposure to electronic media.  At this stage of the process, the Commission is truly asking questions rather than proposing specific rules.  And in fact, there may be potential issues related to regulation in some of these areas, including First Amendment problems in connection with restricting access to indecent material in different types of electronic media. 

Just as an aside, the Notice quietly notes that the Commission previously released Notices of Proposed Rule Makings involving interactive television and embedded advertising on television, respectively.  While the FCC does not incorporate those open matters into this new proceeding, it does invite parties wishing to update the record on issues regarding embedded advertising in broadcast and cable television or interactive television to file ex parte submissions in the earlier dockets. 

The deadline for submitting Comments in this proceeding will be 60 days after publication of the Notice of Inquiry in the Federal Register, with Reply Comments due within 90 days of publication.  Comments may be filed with the Commission on paper, or online using the FCC’s newly revamped Electronic Comment Filing System. 

An article from TV NewsCheck last week reported on an approach by an FCC representative to television operators, floating an idea that the FCC would "buy" TV spectrum from existing television station operators, and repurpose that spectrum for wireless users – presumably some sort of wireless broadband.  The funds to buy the spectrum would come from the auction of the frequencies.  Over-the-air TV viewers would perhaps be left with a limited over-the-air service.  Today, another article cites a study filed at the Commission that suggests that the auction of TV spectrum could bring in more than three times the value of what that spectrum is for broadcasting.  Could these developments grow into a ground swell that could signal the end of over-the-air television?  Nicholas Negroponte made the much quoted observation almost 15 years ago, before the Internet was the multi-media service that it is today – that communications devices that were wired will become unwired, and those that were wireless would become wired – the "Negroponte Switch" or the process of "unwiring."  But is this switch inevitable for television, and is it in the industry’s best interest?

The theory of unwiring looked at the growing demands of wireless data networks for more and more bandwidth. While voice and data services were, at one time, wired services (the plain old telephone, the fax, even the telegraph), more and more of that information is now being digitally packaged and delivered wirelessly.  At the same time, video programming was delivered through wireless over-the-air television (though no one ever referred to it as "wireless"), but each year is more and more delivered by wired means (by cable companies and what used to be telephone companies).  At this point, estimates are that only a bit more than 10% of television households get their television programming exclusively from over-the-air reception.  Looking at this transition, some have theorized that the progression would continue, and the broadcast services would end up being delivered to fixed locations by wire, while the data services would be delivered wirelessly.

Continue Reading Could Calls on the FCC for More Spectrum Lead to the End of Over The Air TV?

Last Friday we posted about the FCC’s announcement that it would open a filing window in December for noncommercial applicants interested in seeking authority for 67 existing vacant FM allotments.  Today, the FCC revised the timing of that window and postponed the opening until February 2010.  Accordingly, rather than accepting applications for these vacant noncommercial allocations in December, the window for filing will now be from February 19 through February 26, 2010.  In addition, the accompanying freeze on the filing of commercial and noncommercial minor modifications will now go into effect on February 6th and last through the closing of the window on February 26, 2010.  The FCC postponed the window in response to a request from a group of noncommercial entities and associations who said that two months would not be enough time for interested applicants to get approval from their boards and pull together an application.  The FCC agreed and pushed the date back.  So noncommercial entities interested in filing for these new stations have some additional time to prepare.  Further information is available in our earlier blog and in the FCC’s Public Notice released today. 

The FCC has released the agenda for its Workshop on the multiple ownership rules (about which we wrote here).  The workshop will span three mornings (November 2-4), and will include live testimony from a different panel each morning.  The first panel will include the academic perspective on ownership rules, the second the view from "public interest organizations", and the third from industry representatives, though the participants on that panel are, at this point, the most unsettled.  The Commission also requests written comments from the public, which can be filed through November 20.  As we wrote when this topic first came up last month, these workshops are the first step in the FCC’s consideration of the multiple ownership rules – a review that it is required to conduct once every 4 years – with 2010 being the year in which such review is required. 

The Commission sets out a series of questions that it would like to have addressed.  These questions include:

  • The FCC is required by statute to consider the rules governing local radio ownership, local television ownership, radio-TV cross-ownership, broadcast-newspaper cross-ownership and the dual network rule.  The Commission asks if it should consider other rules in the context of this proceeding.
  • In assessing ownership rules, should the Commission treat each rule in isolation, or should it look at all media together and attempt to craft more general rules addressing media consolidation as a whole in relevant markets?
  • Should rules that are adopted be "bright line" rules, that limit entities to specific numbers of stations, or should the Commission make a case by case determination of whether a combination is in the public interest, subject to some general principles?
  • Should the Commission address the traditional concepts of competition, diversity and localism to this proceeding, or come up with new ways of looking at these concepts, or different concepts to assess ownership goals?
  •  How should the FCC analyze competition, localism and diversity in today’s marketplace?  What are the relevant markets for analysis?  What metrics should be used?
  • What studies or analysis should the FCC use to inform its decisions on these topics.

 

Continue Reading FCC Releases Agenda for First Workshop on Revisions to its Multiple Ownership Rules – Localism and Economic Competition Issues Included

Last Thursday, the possibility of more Low Power FM (LPFM) stations came a step closer, as a subcommittee of the House of Representatives Energy and Commerce Committee passed a bill (the text of which is here) which would remove existing Congressional restrictions on the FCC adopting rules to ignore potential interference from new LPFM stations to full power FMs operating on third-adjacent channels.  With this committee approval coming at the same time as the Senate Judiciary Committee’s approval of a bill that would authorize a sound recording performance royalty on radio broadcasters’ over-the-air programming, this was not a good day legislatively for traditional broadcasters.  But it certainly could have been worse, as the LPFM bill does contain new provisions that would serve to extend some protection to existing broadcasters from interference from new LPFM stations.  Perhaps because of these new protections, the committee action was unanimous.

 The new protections built into the bill include the following:

  • Protection for third-adjacent channel full-power FM stations providing reading services for the blind
  • Providing protection for FM translator input signals from interference from new LPFM stations
  • For a year after a new LPFM goes on the air, it must broadcast notices that any listener who experiences interference to another FM station or FM translator from this new LPFM should report that interference to the LPFM station.  In the event that interference is reported:
    • The LPFM must notify the FCC and the third-adjacent channel station that is getting interference
    • The LPFM station must address the interference that arises
    • The FCC is charged with looking for ways to assist the LPFM in remediating interference, including allowing co-location of the LPFM at the same tower site as the FM station or FM translator to which interference is being caused
    • The FCC will investigate allegations of interference from an FM broadcaster or FM translator, no matter how far that interference is from the station, and even if the interference is to mobile reception

The bill does not say, however, what happens if the interference is not remediated.  Under current FCC rules for the FM translator service, a new translator must sign off if interference to existing stations cannot be resolved.  The bill does not specify that remedy for LPFM.  This issue remains to be resolved if the bill eventually passes Congress.

Continue Reading House Committee Passes Bill to Allow for More LPFM Stations – With Some Protections for Existing Broadcasters

On Friday the Commission released a further Order confirming certain recent changes to its ownership reporting requirements for commercial broadcast stations and soliciting additional input on the reporting of certain non-attributable interest holders.  Earlier this year, the Commission revised its rules regarding the reporting of ownership interests by commercial broadcasters.  The FCC also recast its FCC Form 323 Ownership Report to collect and organize the ownership data in a more useful manner.  (Our earlier summary of those changes can be found here.)  By its Order last week, the Commission denied a Petition for Reconsideration filed by the National Association of Broadcasters and reiterated that sole proprietors must file an FCC Form 323 biennially to report on their ownership interests. 

In addition, the Commission ratified the Media Bureau’s recent decision to push back the filing deadline for the FCC Form 323 from November 1st to no earlier than 30 days after the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) approves the modifications to the Form 323.  The revisions to the FCC Form 323 are still under consideration and it is not clear when the OMB will approve the collection of the information required by the new version of the Form.  (See our earlier posts here and here regarding the OMB’s review of the Form 323 under the Paperwork Reduction Act.)  The Commission also noted its agreement with the Media Bureau’s decision to require that each and every filing entity obtain an FCC Registration Number ("FRN") in order to complete the ownership reporting, and that each officer, director, and shareholder disclosed on the report also have an FRN.

With respect to the reporting of certain non-attributable interests, the Commission’s Order granted the NAB’s request for reconsideration and deleted the previously adopted requirement that entities with a single majority shareholder disclose all minority shareholders (despite the single majority shareholder exemption) and that "eligible entities" disclose otherwise non-attributable investors.  The NAB had argued, and the FCC agreed, that the logic for requiring the reporting of these two types of non-attributable interest holders was ill defined and that the intention to impose this requirement was not explicitly stated or developed in the record leading up to the rule change this past May.  Accordingly, the Commission has opened a further comment period to address the specific question of whether these two types of non-attributable interest holders should be divulged on commercial broadcasters’ biennial ownership reports.  Comments on this narrow topic will be due within 30 days of when this Order and Further NPRM are published in the Federal Register, with Reply Comments due within 45 days of publication.  A full copy of the Commission’s Order and NPRM, including details on how comments can be filed in this proceeding, is available here. 

The FCC today announced the opening of a filing window for noncommercial applicants interested in seeking authority for 67 existing vacant FM allotments.  Applications on FCC Form 340 will be accepted from December 11th through December 18th for these vacant FM allotments in the non-reserved band between Channels 221 and 300.  A full listing of the allotments that are available can be found here.  Although the vacant channels are in the non-reserved FM Band these particular allocations have been reserved exclusively for noncommercial use.  Thus, the window is restricted to noncommercial educational applicants only.

In the event that multiple applications are filed seeking the same allotment, then the channel will be awarded by applying the Commission’s comparative point system for noncommercial applicants.  Further details on filing an application can be found in today’s Public Notice, and complete step-by-step instructions are available on the Commission’s website here. 

In order to provide stability and predictability for applicants interested in filing for these vacant allotments, the FCC is imposing a freeze on the filing of minor change applications for both commercial and noncommercial FM radio stations.  The freeze will go into effect after 11:59 PM on November 25, 2009 and remain in effect through the close of the filing window.  Accordingly, any existing FM stations that intend to file a minor modification in November and December should plan ahead so they don’t get delayed by the freeze.  In addition, the FCC has also imposed a freeze, effective immediately, on any applications proposing to change the reference coordinates for these 67 allotments.  Similarly, petitions or counterproposals proposing a change in the class, channel, or community of license of any of the allotments will not be accepted until December 19th, after the filing window has closed. 

On November 10, Davis Wright Tremaine’s David Oxenford and Bobby Baker, the head of the FCC’s Office of Political Broadcasting, conducted a webinar on the FCC’s political broadcasting rules and policies.  The webinar originated from Lansing, Michigan, before an audience of Michigan Broadcasters, and was webcast to broadcasters in 13 other states.  Topics discussed included reasonable access, equal opportunities, lowest unit charges, and political sponsorship identification and public file rules. 

Seminar participants were provided with Davis Wright Tremaine’s Political Broadcasting Guide, available here.  The PowerPoint presentation used in the seminar is available here.